賽普勒斯傳統起司哈羅米保護基金會(Foundation for the Protection of the Traditional Cheese of Cyprus named Halloumi,以下簡稱哈羅米基金會),在2000年7月14日向歐盟申請團體商標(collective mark)「HALLOUMI」,並指定使用於第29類的起司[3]。
私人公司申請註冊BBQLOUMI指定使用於起司
2014年7月9日,保加利亞的一家公司M. J. Dairies EOOD,向歐盟智財局申請註冊以下的歐盟圖形商標,商標中的名稱為BBQLOUMI(「BBQ羅米」)[4]。該申請案所指定使用的產品類別為尼斯公約第29類、30類和43類。
圖一、本案所申請的圖形商標
圖片來源: C-766/18 P - Foundation for the Protection of the Traditional Cheese of Cyprus named Halloumi v EUIPO (ECLI:EU:C:2020:170)
表一、本申請案指定使用之產品與服務類別
類別
細項
第29類
乳製品和乳替代品;起司;... 全部或大部分主要由肉或乳製品組成的料理;
第30類
三明治;起司口味的餅乾;
第43類
餐廳服務
資料來源:C-766/18 P - Foundation for the Protection of the Traditional Cheese of Cyprus named Halloumi v EUIPO (ECLI:EU:C:2020:170)
C-766/18 P - Foundation for the Protection of the Traditional Cheese of Cyprus named Halloumi v EUIPO, paras 10-12 (ECLI:EU:C:2020:170).
Id. para 8.
Id. paras 10-12.
Regulation (EC) No 207/2009, Article 8 (1)(b)(“Upon opposition by the proprietor of an earlier trade mark, the trade mark applied for shall not be registered:…(b) if because of its identity with, or similarity to, the earlier trade mark and the identity or similarity of the goods or services covered by the trade marks there exists a likelihood of confusion on the part of the public in the territory in which the earlier trade mark is protected; the likelihood of confusion includes the likelihood of association with the earlier trade mark.”).
Case C‑766/18 P, paras 14-15.
Id. pata 16.
Id. para 17.
Id. paras 27-28.
Id. para 59.
Regulation (EC) No 207/2009, Article 7 (1)(c)(“1. The following shall not be registered:...(c)trade marks which consist exclusively of signs or indications which may serve, in trade, to designate the kind, quality, quantity, intended purpose, value, geographical origin or the time of production of the goods or of rendering of the service, or other characteristics of the goods or service;”).
Regulation (EC) No 207/2009, Article 66 (2)(“2. In derogation from Article 7(1)(c), signs or indications which may serve, in trade, to designate the geographical origin of the goods or services may constitute Community collective marks within the meaning of paragraph 1.”).