Varier Gravity Balans Recliner, designed by Peter Opsvik, balans® concept: Hans Chr. Mengshoel. www.varierfurniture.comwww.webarredoitalia.com/en/gravity-balans-chair-varier.html
“An industrial design constitutes the ornamental or aesthetic aspect of an article. A design may consist of three-dimensional features, such as the shape or surface of an article, or of two-dimensional features, such as patterns, lines or color. Industrial designs are what make a product attractive and appealing; hence, they add to the commercial value of a product and increase its marketability.” www.wipo.int/designs/en
“Such implements were made by splitting and chipping stones, using another stone as a hammer for this purpose. At the right of this picture a stone knife, in the lower hand, is being shaped by chipping blows struck with the stone in the upper hand.” www.studenthandouts.com/01-Web-Pages/01-Picture-Pages/09.01-Prehistoric-Paleolithic-Old-Stone-Age-Tools.htm “These tools, after being chipped roughly into shape, were finished by grinding and polishing. Knives of Egypt. Axe-heads of England. Spearhead of the United States.” www.studenthandouts.com/Assortment-01/Gallery-Pages/01.01-Implements-of-the-Polished-Stone-Age.html
(left) A spring engine with a sling attached to its arm, which cast two stones at the same time. From ' II Codice Atlantico, Leonardo da Vinci (1452~1519) (right) Leonardo first became enamored with the idea of flight in the 1480s. He designed what is called the Ornithopter Flying Machine. www.geocaching.com/geocache/GC4ZA4M_pretoria-geoart-p10-da-vinci?guid=8b7594a7-4435-4186-89bd-ea34cf3a2099www.kyriba.com/blog/bob-stark/has-all-innovation-been-acquired-out-tms-market
www.unitalenlaw.com/zhouxun2/zhouxun268/ltbl.htm
www.wipo.int/treaties/en/text.jsp?file_id=288514
www.wipo.int/treaties/en/text.jsp?file_id=283698
www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/trips_e/trips_e.htm
Whilst Reading: A Portrait of Sofia Kramskoya, the Painter’s Wife (Ivan Kramskoi, 1866) 01varvara.wordpress.com/2008/11/05/ivan-kramskoi-whilst-reading-a-portrait-of-sofia-kramkoya-the-painters-wife-1866
U.S. Patent 223898: Electric-Lamp. (Issued January 27, 1880.) & Thomas Edison's first successful light bulb model, used in public demonstration at Menlo Park, December 1879 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Edison
Pablo Picasso, 1901-02, Femme au café (Absinthe Drinker), oil on canvas, 73 x 54 cm, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pablo_Picasso
(left) Arts & Crafts Movement interior style char.txa.cornell.edu/art/decart/artcraft/artcraft.htm (right) Ballads and narrative poems Hammersmith: Printed by William Morris at the Kelmscott Press and published by Ellis & Elvey, 1893 frontispiece1.blogspot.tw/2011/12/william-morris-and-kelmscott-press.html
While it is true that the term industrial design came into fruition in the 1920s, specialist designers and craftsman date back to the eighteenth century to Josiah Wedgwood's English pottery manufacturing. SIGCHI, Vol.28 No.3, July 1996. old.sigchi.org
(left) Casa Milà, also known as La Pedrera, is a modernist building located at 92, Passeig de Gràcia in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was the last civil work designed by Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí (1852~ 1926) and it was built between the years 1906 and 1910. aasid.parsons.edu (mid) Original Art Nouveau entrance of the Paris Métro in Abbesses station by Hector Guimard (1867~ 1942). The original Art Nouveau entrances are iconic symbols of Paris, and 83 survive. Designed by Hector Guimard in a style that caused some surprise and controversy in 1900. A cast-iron balustrade decorated in plant-like motifs, accompanied by a “Métropolitain” sign supported by two orange globes atop ornate cast-iron supports in the form of plant stems. en.wikipedia.org (right) The Hotel Tassel (French: Hôtel Tassel, Dutch: Hotel Tassel) is a town house built by Victor Horta in Brussels for the Belgian scientist and professor Emile Tassel in 1893–1894. It is generally considered as the first true Art Nouveau building, because of its highly innovative plan and its ground breaking use of materials and decoration. foros.monografias.com/showthread.php/63846-en-busca-de-art-nouveau
(left) A MORITZ HACKER 'SHELL' TABLE LAMP, 1900s www.christies.com/lotfinder/furniture-lighting/a-moritz-hacker-shell-table-lamp-fl1900-5378951-details.aspx (mid) A Tiffany lamp is a type of lamp with a glass shade made with glass designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany and his design studio. The most famous was the stained leaded glass lamp. Tiffany lamps are considered part of the Art Nouveau movement. www.worthpoint.com (right) Musée de l'Ecole de Nancy freresmougin.wordpress.com/2012/02/24/lart-nouveau-entre-deux-siecles
(left) LOUIS C. TIFFANY, DESIGN FOR A LAMP. SPECIFICATION forming part of Design No. 30,665, dated May 2, 1899. patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/pages/USD30665-0.png (mid) Crist Jr Paul V, Process for making stained glass tiffany-type lamp shades, US 4557772 A, 1985. patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/pages/US4557772-1.png (right) L. C. TIFFANY. Colored Glass Window. No. 287,418. Paiented Feb. 8, 1881. patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/pages/US237418-0.png
"Design is not about decorating functional forms - it is about creating forms that accord with the character of the object and that show new technologies to advantage." www.aeg.com/en/About-AEG/History
(left & mid) abdulazizfarache.blogspot.tw/2011/03/art-nouveau-peter-behrens-and-corporate.html (right) Electric tea kettle designed by Peter Behrens in 1909. It is very elegant and geometric. The whole shape looks modern because of the function factor over the beauty factor. abdulazizfarache.blogspot.tw/2011/03/art-nouveau-peter-behrens-and-corporate.html
(left) Ericsson DBH 1001 Bakelite Telephone designed by Heiberg Jean, 1932. is claimed as the world's first "hookless" bakelite telephone, that is the first telephone where the cradle, or receiver hook, was integrated into the all-bakelite body. www.flickr.com/photos/cantaenayunas/8157716907 (mid) The Wassily Chair, also known as the Model B3 chair, was designed by Marcel Breuer in 1925-1926 while he was the head of the cabinet-making workshop at the Bauhaus, in Dessau, Germany. www.e1e4news.com/design-museo/marcel-breuer (right) Gestetner Duplicator, designed by Raymond Loewy, 1929 www.vam.ac.uk